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SUMMARY:Noreen Goldman\, Princeton University
DESCRIPTION:Biography: Noreen Goldman\, D.Sc.\, is the Hughes-Rogers Professor of Demography and Public Affairs at the Princeton School of Public and International Affairs and a Faculty Associate at the Office of Population Research\, Princeton University. A specialist in demography and social epidemiology\, Goldman’s research examines the impact of social and economic factors\, as well as stressful experience\, on health\, and the physiological pathways through which these factors operate. She has designed several large-scale surveys in Latin America and Asia. Her current research examines racial and ethnic disparities in health in the US. She has been a visiting scholar at the Russell Sage Foundation\, a fellow at the Center for Advanced Study in the Behavioral Sciences\, and a visiting professor at UCLA and the University of Fribourg in Switzerland. She is the author of more than 200 articles in population\, epidemiology\, sociology and statistics journals and various book chapters and monographs. \n The Impact of COVID-19 on life expectancy in the US and Brazil: Disparities and Dependencies \nAbstract: The US and Brazil have highest recorded number of COVID-19 deaths in the world: approximately 770\,000 and 615\,000 deaths respectively as of the end of November\, 2021. The mortality impacts have been extraordinary\, with the values of recent life expectancy setting some groups or geographic areas back to levels observed as far as two decades ago.  In this talk\, we explore some of the social and racial/ethnic disparities within each country. We also consider differences in estimates of life expectancy decline within the US and Brazil that result from the untenable assumption that COVID-19 is an “independent” cause of death. \nYou can access the CCPR seminar using this link. \nThe recording of the seminar may be accessed here. \n 
URL:https://ccpr.ucla.edu/event/noreen-goldman-princeton-university/
CATEGORIES:CCPR Seminar
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SUMMARY:Elizabeth Wrigley-Field\, University of Minnesota
DESCRIPTION:Biography: Elizabeth Wrigley-Field is an Assistant Professor at the University of Minnesota in the Department of Sociology and the Minnesota Population Center. She specializes in racial inequality in mortality and historical infectious disease and co-leads (with J.P. Leider) an ongoing project on COVID-19 mortality in Minnesota. She is also a quantitative methodologist\, developing models designed to clarify relationships between micro and macro perspectives on demographic relationships. \n“Racial Disparities in 1918 Flu Mortality: What Drove Them and What Can We Learn for Today?” \nAbstract: The 1918 influenza pandemic stands out because of the extent and unusual age pattern of high mortality. In the United States\, another feature merits scientific scrutiny: against a historical backdrop of extreme racial health inequality\, the pandemic produced strikingly small ratios of nonwhite to white influenza and pneumonia mortality. We provide the most complete account to date of these racial disparities in 1918\, showing that\, across U.S. cities\, they were almost uniformly small. We examine four potential explanations for this unexpected result\, including socio-demographic factors like segregation\, city-level implementation of non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs)\, exposure to the milder spring 1918 “herald wave\,” and early-life exposures to other influenza strains resulting in differential immunological vulnerability to the 1918 flu. While we find little evidence for 1-3\, we offer suggestive evidence that racial variation in early-life exposure to the 1889-1892 influenza pandemic shrunk racial disparities during the 1918 pandemic. We also raise the possibility that differential behavioral responses to the herald wave may have protected nonwhite urban populations. By providing a comprehensive description and careful examination of the potential drivers of racial inequality in mortality during the 1918 pandemic\, our study provides a framework to consider interactions between the natural history of particular microbial agents and the social histories of the populations they infect. \nYou can access the CCPR seminar using this link. \nThe recording of the seminar may be accessed here.
URL:https://ccpr.ucla.edu/event/elizabeth-wrigley-field-university-of-minnesota/
CATEGORIES:CCPR Seminar
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