"Race, Class and Affirmative Action"

Abstract: This book-length manuscript (forthcoming by the Russell Sage Foundation in the Fall 2015) evaluates the ability of class-based affirmative action to promote the social and economic mobility of disadvantaged populations and boost diversity at selective postsecondary institutions, as compared with race-based policy. The book draws from within- and between-country comparisons of several prototypes of affirmative action policy. She uses the United States as a case study of race-based preferences, and Israel as a case study of class-based preferences. For each country she compares the model that has actually been implemented to a simulated scenario of the alternative policy type. The overarching goal of this book is to develop new, and more global insights about the potential of race-neutral public policy to promote equality in higher education.

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"Self-reported racial identity, genomic ancestry, and health disparities in Brazil: an exploratory study"

Abstract: Health disparities based on skin color/racial identification are present in many societies. In Brazil, studies have shown that people who describe their skin color as other than white (e.g. mixed, black, and/or indigenous) are more likely to report discrimination, are less likely to receive some types of health services, experience higher mortality, and have higher rates of some negative health behaviors. But how should we interpret these disparities given Brazil’s complex, fluid, and changing system of ethnoracial classification and racial identity? This study explores the congruence between genome-wide measures of ancestry and self-reported ethnoracial identify in Brazil and assesses their relationship with 4 health outcomes with distinct etiologies: self-rated health, hypertension, complications from Chagas disease, and all-cause mortality. Preliminary results are discussed in terms of implications for measuring and addressing such disparities in a dynamic multiracial society.

“Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) Awareness, Attitudes and Uptake Among Young Gay, Bisexual and Other Men Who Have Sex With Men (MSM) in California.”

Abstract: Young men who have sex with men (YMSM) in the United States (US) continue to be disproportionately affected by HIV with large racial/ethnic disparities among African-Americans and Latinos. The World Health Organization now recommends that all people at substantial risk of HIV should be offered pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP). While PrEP awareness has generally increased, actual PrEP usage among MSM has been limited. Little is known about PrEP awareness, attitudes, and uptake among racially and ethnically diverse YMSM.

"The Death of the American Dream?"

Abstract: Whenever an election rolls around, we can count on dire warnings that the American Dream is under threat, that hard work and talent are no longer guarantees of success, and that what now matters most is winning the “birth lottery” and being raised by rich parents. But are these dire warnings true? Can a child born into a middle-class family expect to earn much more than a child born into a poor family? What about a child born into the one percent? Does that translate into a huge boon to the child’s earnings? Drawing on new tax-return data, the hard facts about social mobility in the U.S. are presented, with a special focus on differences in the mobility opportunities of boys and girls.

*Co-sponsored with the Dept. of Sociology & Inequality Working Group